HOUSTON – Automatic license plate readers are becoming a growing point of controversy across Texas, with law enforcement officials pointing to the technology’s role in solving crimes while some policymakers raise concerns about privacy and government surveillance.
Flock cameras use automated license plate recognition technology to capture license plates and help investigators identify vehicles that may be connected to criminal investigations.
Andy Kahan, director of victim services and advocacy for Crime Stoppers of Houston, says the technology has become an important investigative tool — particularly in cases where investigators may have few witnesses or other leads.
“It’s the best witness you can get. It’s undisputable evidence that you were in the vicinity when the crime took place,” Kahan said.
Kahan also acknowledges concerns about how the technology is used, particularly when officers access information for reasons unrelated to legitimate law enforcement purposes.
“If you misuse information from Flock cameras for personal use, we’re gonna come down hard,” he said. “There’s a good likelihood you’re gonna end up in prison, and is that what you really want?”
Flock cameras provide leads in violent crime cases
Kahan points to the September 19 shooting death of five-year-old Zah’Layah Walton as an example of how Flock data can help investigators.
Walton was shot and killed while riding in a car with her mother. Kahan says Flock camera data gave investigators a critical lead, helping authorities identify and arrest a suspect in less than 24 hours.
The suspect was later charged with capital murder.
Kahan says the circumstances of the shooting demonstrate why having an additional source of information can be important to investigators.
“If you’re in a pitch dark of night, it’s really not much you can go on. I mean, the chances of someone witnessing that are slim, slim to none.”
Kahan also points to another recent case.
“We had another case two weeks ago of a man that was riding a bicycle. He was struck, killed by a hit-and-run driver. They were able to use the Flock cameras and track down the car via the plates.”
Crime Stoppers of Houston maintains a list of unsolved cases, including murders and hit-and-runs. Kahan says he sometimes thinks about whether additional investigative leads could have changed the course of some cases if license plate readers had been available when those crimes occurred.
“I know for all the families I’ve dealt with, they would’ve liked some substantial lead to go on.”
Some Texas lawmakers want the technology banned
While Kahan emphasizes the investigative benefits of Flock cameras, some elected officials have raised concerns about the amount of information the technology can collect about people’s movements.
State Sen. Lois Kolkhorst has called for Texas to “Get the Flock out of Texas,” citing privacy concerns.
In an op-ed posted on Facebook, Kolkhorst argued that the widespread use of automated license plate readers raises Fourth Amendment concerns. She also said members of the Texas Senate are discussing an outright ban on ALPRs when the Texas Legislature convenes in January.
Kolkhorst has raised concerns about the potential for license plate data to be combined with other information, arguing that advances in technology and artificial intelligence could create broader surveillance capabilities.
Her position contrasts with Kahan’s argument that Flock cameras can provide critical leads for investigators and victims’ families.
The debate is now centered on how Texas should balance the investigative uses of automated license plate readers with concerns over privacy and the potential misuse of the information they collect.
The issue is expected to receive additional attention when lawmakers return to Austin for the legislative session in January.
