A new study suggests that eating a large portion of your daily calories late at night while experiencing stress may be linked to digestive problems and an unhealthy gut.
Researchers analyzed data from more than 15,000 people and found that those who consumed more than 25% of their daily calories after 9 p.m. were significantly more likely to experience gastrointestinal issues, including diarrhea and constipation.
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According to the study, participants who reported both late-night eating and higher levels of stress were up to 2.5 times more likely to suffer from digestive symptoms compared to those who did not engage in those behaviors.
Researchers found that late-night eating alone did not appear to negatively affect gut health. Instead, the findings suggest the combination of stress and eating late in the evening may be the key factor driving digestive issues.
Scientists say stress can affect the gut microbiome — the community of bacteria and other microorganisms that live in the digestive tract and play a role in digestion, immune function and overall health.
The study adds to a growing body of research examining the connection between stress, eating habits and gut health. Researchers noted that stress may influence food choices, eating patterns and the body’s ability to process food efficiently.
Because the research was observational, the study does not prove that late-night eating combined with stress directly causes digestive problems. However, the findings highlight a potential link that researchers say warrants further investigation.
The study was presented last month at Digestive Disease Week, an annual meeting for gastroenterology professionals. Findings presented at medical conferences are generally considered preliminary until they are published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Health experts recommend managing stress, maintaining regular meal schedules and seeking medical advice if digestive symptoms become persistent or severe.